Proteomics Approaches towards Early Detection and Diagnosis of Cancer

Early stage detection of cancer is the key to provide a better outcome for therapeutic intervention. Most routine screening and diagnosis tools for cancer lack sufficient sensitivity and/or specificity and sometimes they are invasive. Proteomic technologies hold recently great promise in the search of new clinical biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis of cancer as well as the discovery of new therapeutic targets from accessible bio-specimens. They also have the potential for contributing to the better understanding of cancer biology and helping in making the right therapeutic decisions for patients. Whereas some proteomic approaches, such as the ones used for identifying proteins and analyzing their interaction and function, are well established, others, such as protein expression profiling for biomarker discovery and validation, are still suffering from robustness and reproducibility issues before being able to have their clinical applications in cancer.